Text / Chat

GPT-4 Turbo Environmental Impact

StandardEstimated

OpenAI's optimised GPT-4 variant, still widely deployed

Architecture
Multimodal Transformer (decoder-only)
Context
128,000 tokens
Provider
OpenAI
0.50 Wh
Energy per query
0.22 g
CO₂ per query
2 mL
Water per query
2x more than
vs Google search

Energy per query

0.50 Wh

2x more than a Google search (0.3 Wh)

CO2 per query

0.22 g

US East (Virginia) grid (450 gCO₂/kWh)

Water per query

2 mL

~556 queries to fill 1 litre

Processing location

Azure US East / Sweden

Provider

OpenAI

Category

Text / Chat

Grid carbon intensity

450 g CO2/kWh (25% renewable)

How does GPT-4 Turbo compare?

Ranked #33 of 152 models by energy per query

0 Wh0.15 Wh0.3 Wh0.45 Wh0.6 WhLLaMA 3.2 1BGemini 1.5 ProGPT-4.1 NanoGPT-4 TurboGoogle search (0.3 Wh)

Detailed Breakdown

Energy Consumption

GPT-4 Turbo consumes approximately 0.5 Wh per short query — slightly more than GPT-4o, which was optimised as its successor. It remains widely used in production systems due to its established reliability and 128K context window.

Power Source & Carbon

Runs on Microsoft Azure infrastructure. Same deployment regions as other OpenAI models.

Water Usage

At ~1.8 mL per query, GPT-4 Turbo has a similar water footprint to GPT-4o.

About GPT-4 Turbo

GPT-4 Turbo is a text and chat model from OpenAI, released in April 9, 2024. OpenAI's optimised GPT-4 variant, still widely deployed. Each query uses 0.50 Wh of energy and produces 0.22 g of CO₂. That's about 1.7x what a Google search consumes.

These figures are estimates derived from hardware specifications and API benchmarks — OpenAI has not published official energy data for GPT-4 Turbo. Actual consumption may vary significantly depending on batching, quantisation, and infrastructure optimisations that we cannot observe from outside.

GPT-4 Turbo in Context

4.6 kWh
per year

Your yearly GPT-4 Turbo footprint

At 25 queries per day, your annual GPT-4 Turbo usage consumes 4.6 kWh — comparable to running a LED light bulb for a month. That produces 2.0 kg of CO₂.

Key Insights

Uses less than a third of the average energy for text and chat models

What does your GPT-4 Turbo usage cost the planet?

Use our calculator to estimate your personal environmental footprint based on how often you use GPT-4 Turbo.

Calculate My Compute

Frequently Asked Questions

How much energy does GPT-4 Turbo use per query?

Each GPT-4 Turbo query consumes approximately 0.50 Wh of energy. This is 2x more than a traditional Google search (~0.3 Wh).

What is GPT-4 Turbo's carbon footprint?

Based on the carbon intensity of Azure US East / Sweden, each query produces approximately 0.22 g of CO2. The grid in this region has a carbon intensity of 450 g CO2/kWh with 25% renewable energy.

How much water does GPT-4 Turbo use?

Each query consumes approximately 2 mL of water, primarily used for cooling the data centers that process the request.

How does GPT-4 Turbo compare to a Google search?

A GPT-4 Turbo query uses 2x more than a Google search in terms of energy. A Google search uses approximately 0.3 Wh, while GPT-4 Turbo uses 0.50 Wh.

Technical Details

Architecture

Multimodal Transformer (decoder-only)

Context window

128,000 tokens

Release date

2024-04-09

Open source

No

Training data cutoff

2023-12